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Chinese Medicine Glossary

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A
Achyranthes Root(Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae)牛膝
Effects: Promoting blood circulation and restoring menstruation, conducting downward flow of heat, inducing diuresis to treat strangury, and tonifying the liver and kidney.
Aucklandia Root(Radix Aucklandiae)木香
Effects: Promoting circulation of Qi, alleviating pain, resolving food retention and strengthening the spleen.
Acanthopanax Bark(Cortex Acanthopanacis Radicis)五加皮
Effects: Expelling wind-dampness, tonifying the muscle and bone, diuresis to alleviate edema.
Arisaema Tuber(Rhizoma Arisaematis)天南星
Effects: Eliminating dampness to resolve phlegm, dispelling wind and relieve spasm.
Arisaema Cum Bile(Rhizoma Arisaenatis)胆南星
Effects: Clearing away heat to resolve phlegm, dispelling wind and relieving convulsion and spasm.
Arctium Fruit(Fructus Arctii)牛蒡子
Effects: Dispersing wind-heat, relieving sore throat, promoting eruption, clearing heat and removing toxins.
Abalone Shell(Concha Haliotidis)石决明
Effects: Calming the liver-yang and checking exuberance of Yang, clearing away heat from the liver to improve vision.
Atractylodes Rhizome(Phizoma Atractylodis)苍术
Effects: Eliminating dampness, strengthening the spleen, dispelling wind and cold, relieving exterior syndrome.
Arborvitae Seed(Semen Biotae)远志
Effects: Tranquilizing the mind by nourishing the heart, removing phlegm to induce resuscitation.
Anemarrhena Rhizome(Rhizoma Anemarrhenae)知母
Effects: Clearing heat and fire, nourishing the Yin and moisturizing dryness.
Amomun Fruit(Fructus Amomi)砂仁
Effects: Dispelling dampness, promoting circulation of Qi to prevent abortion
Astragalus Root(Radix Astragali Seu Hedysari)黄芪
Effects: Invigorating Qi to elevate Yang, consolidating superficies to stop sweating, inducing diuresis to remove edema, and promoting healing of sore to regenerate tissue.
Pilose Antler(Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum)鹿茸
Effects: Reinforcing Kidney-yang, supplementing essence and blood and strengthening muscles and bones.
Antler(Cornu Cervi)鹿角
Effects: Tonify the kidney, invigorate Yang, and strengthen the muscles and bones but weaker in potency than Pilose Antler, when used unprepared, it has an effect of promoting blood to subside swelling and serves to treat sores, carbuncles and suppurative cutaneous infections.
Antler Glue(Colla Cornus Cervi)鹿角胶
Effects: It is dry glue pieces made from decocted and concentrated antler. It functions in supplementing kidney-yang and enriching vital essence and blood. It is stronger in potency than Antler but weaker than Pilose Antler. It also has hemostatic effect for deficiency-cold syndrome due to insufficiency of kidney-yang and loss of blood.
Deglued Antler Powder(Cornu Cervi Degelatinatum)鹿角霜
Effects: The residue from decoction of Antler, weaker in powder for warming and recuperating the kidney-yang, but also has an effect of astringency serving to treat the syndrome of debility of the lower-jiao manifested as spermatorrhes, frequent micturation, metrorrhagia, metrostaxis and leucorrhea. When used externally, it is astringent, can stop bleeding for treatment of traumatic bleeding.
Aster Root(Radix Asteris)紫苑
Effects: Nourishing the lung to send the adverse Qi downward, relieving cough and asthma.
Areca Seed(Semen Arecae)槟榔
Effects: Killing parasites, promoting circulation of Qi, resolving food retention, and inducing diuresis to eliminate edema.
Agastache(Herba Agastachis)藿香
Effects: Eliminating dampness, arresting vomiting, relieving exterior syndrome and summer heat.
American Ginseng Root(Radix Panacis Quinquefolii)西洋参
Effects: Invigorating Qi, nourishing Yin, clearing heat and promoting the generation of body fluid.
Amber琥珀
Effects: Tranquilizing the mind and relieving palpitation, remove blood stasis and stop bleeding, diuresis to treat strangury.
Airpotato Yam ( Rhizome Dioscoreae Bulbiferae ) 黄葯子
Effects: Removing heat from blood, dissolving hard masses and detoxicating
Antelope’s Horn ( Cornu Saigae Tataricae ) 羚羊角
Effects : Calming the liver to check endogenous wind, clearing away heat from the liver to improve vision and clearing away heat and toxins from the blood.
Antelope’s Horn Powder ( Cornu Saigae Tataricae ) 羚羊角粉
Effects : Calming the liver to check endogenous wind, clearing away heat from the liver to improve vision and clearing away heat and toxins from the blood.
Arnebia ( or Lithosperm ) Root ( Radix Arnebiae seu Lithospermi ) 紫草
Effects ; Removing heat from the blood,, promoting blood circulation, detoxicating and facilitating eruption.
Argyi Leaf ( Folium Artemisiae Argyi ) 艾叶
Effects : Warming the channels to stopping bleeding, and dispersing cold to alleviate pain.

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B
Bureed Tuber(Rhizoma Sparganh)三棱
Effects: Relieving blood stasis and promoting circulation of Qi and removing stagnation of Qi and stop pain.
Batryticated Silkworm(Bombyx Batryticatus)白僵蚕
Effects: Expelling the wind and relaxing spasm, dispersing the wind-heat, resolving phlegm and congestion.
Bitter Apricot Kernel(Semen Armeniacae Amarum)杏仁
Effects: Relieving cough and asthma, lubricating the bowel to relieving constipation.
Bupleurum Root(Radix BupLeuri)柴胡
Effects: Dispelling exopathogens to clear heat, soothing the liver to alleviate mental depression and elevating Yang and Qi.
Bitter Cardamon(Fructus Alpiniae Oxgphyllae)益智仁
Effects: Tonifying the kidney, keeping vital essence, warming the spleen and arresting diarrhea.
Buffalo Horn(Cornu Bubcdi)水牛角
Effects:Clearing heat, cooling the blood and detoxicating. The efficacy is similar to, but less than that of the rhinoceros.
Barbed Shullcap Herb ( Herba Scutellariae Barbatae ) 半枝蓮
Effects: Clearing away heat and detoxicating, relieving blood stasis and diuresis.
Borneol ( borneolum ) 冰片
Effects: Inducing resuscitation and restoring consciousness, promoting tissue regeneration and relieving pain.
Black Plum ( fructus Mume ) 烏梅
Effects ; Astringing the lung and intestines, sloping cough and arresting diarrhea, producing body fluid to quench thirst, and calming ascaris to alleviate pain.
Bee’s Nest 露蜂房
Effects : Expelling pathogenic wind, parasites, detoxicating and relieve pain.
Bamboo shavings ( Caulis Bamfusae In Taeniam ) 竹茹
Effects : Removing heat-phlegm, relieving restlessness and vomiting.
Bamboo Juice (Succus Bambosae ) 竹瀝
Effects : Removing heat-phlegm, arresting convulsion.
Belamcanda ( blackberrylily ) Rhizome (Rhizoma Belamcandae ) 射干
Effects : Clearing away heat, detoxicating, expelling phlegm and
Relieving sore throat.
Biota Tops (Cacumen Biotae ) 側柏叶
Effects: Clearing heat from blood to stop bleeding, resolving phlegm and relieving cough.
Bush-Cherry Seed ( Semen Pruni ) 郁李仁
Effects : Moistening the bowels to relieve constipation and inducing
Diuresis to eliminate edema.

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C
Chuanxiong Rhizome(Rhizoma Ligustici Chuangxiong)川芎
Effects: Promoting blood circulation and flow of Qi, dispelling wind and relieving pain.
Chinese Yam(Rhizoma Dioscoreae)山药
Effects: Invigorating Qi, nourishing Yin, controlling spermatorrhea and reducing urination.
Common Fenner Fruit(Fructus Foenicuii)小茴香
Effects: Dispersing cold, alleviating pain, regulating the flow of Qi and normalizing functions of the stomach.
Chinese Date(Fructus Eiziphi)大枣
Effects: Strengthening the middle-jiao, invigorating Qi, nourishing
blood, tranquilizing mind and buffering other medicines
Chinese honeylocust Spine ( Spina Gleditsiae ) . 皂角刺
Effects: Expelling pathogenic wind, clearing away toxins, subduing swelling and promoting the drainage of pus.
Chaenomeles Fruit(Fructus Chaenomelis)木瓜
Effects: Relaxing the muscle and tendon, activating the flow of Qi and blood in the channels and collaterals, and removing dampness to restore normal function of the stomach.
Chrysanthemum Flower(Flos Chrysanthemi)菊花
Effects: Dispersing wind-heat, purging heat from the liver, improve eye sight, clearing heat and removing toxins.
Cimicifuga Rhizome(Rhizoma Cimicifugae)升麻
Effects: Inducing sweats to dispel exopathogens, promoting eruption, elevating Yang, lifting Qi, clearing heat and removing toxins.
Cuttle Bone(Os Sepiellae Seu Sepiae)乌贼骨
Effects: Inducing astringency and homeostasis, keeping kidney essence, curing leukorrhagia, decreasing secretion of gastric acid to relieve stomachache.
Curculigo Rhizome(Rhizoma Curculiginis)仙茅
Effects: Tonifying the kidney-Yang, strengthening muscles and bones, dispelling pathogenic wind and eliminating dampness.
Chinese Caterpillar Fungus(Cordyceps )冬虫夏草
Effects: Supplementing the lung and kidney, stopping cough and relieving asthma.
Chinese Cassia Bark(Cortex Cinnamoni)肉桂
Effects: Supplementing fire, supporting Yang, dispersing cold, alleviating pain, and conducting the fire back to its origin.
Chinese Angelica Root(Radix Angelicae Sinensis)当归
Effects: Tonifying blood, promoting blood circulation, regulating menstruation, alleviating pain, and lubricating the bowels to relieve constipation.
Chinese Starjasmine Stem ( Caulis Trachelospermi ) 絡石藤
Effects: Expelling wind and removing obstruction in the channels, removing heat from the blood and subducing swelling.
Cassia Seed(Semen Cassiae)决明子
Effects: Removing intensive heat from the liver and improving vision, moisturizing intensive and easing the bowels.
Corydalis Tuber(Rhizoma Corydalis)延胡索
Effects: Promoting blood circulation by removing blood stasis, and promoting circulation of Qi to stop pain.
Curcuma Root(Radix Curcumae)郁金
Effects: Promoting circulation of both blood and Qi, clearing the heart-fire and relieving depressing, facilitating bile excretion and curing jaundice.
Clemalis Root(Radix Clematidis)威灵仙
Effects: Eliminating the wind-dampness, clearing stasis in channels to relieve pain, softening the fish bone.
Capejasmine Fruit(Fructus Gardeniae)栀子
Effects: Purging fire, relieving dysphoria, cooling blood and detoxication, clearing heat and promoting diuresis.
Cinnamom Twig(Ramulus Cinnamomi)桂枝
Effects: Inducing sweats to dispel exopathogens, warming the channels to clear obstruction and reinforcing Yang to promote Qi flow.
Coltsfoot Flower(Flos Farfarae)款冬花
Effects: Nourishing the lung to send the adverse Qi downward, relieving cough and asthma.
Coptis Root(Rhizoma Coptidis)黄连
Effects: Clearing away heat, dampness, fire and detoxicating toxins.
Cat Tail Pollen(Pollen Typhae)蒲黄
Effects: Relieving blood stasis, stopping bleeding, treating stranguria and alleviating pain.
Centipede(Scolopendra)蜈蚣
Effects: Checking endogenous wind to relieve convulsion, clearing obstruction in the channels to relieve pain and clearing away toxins and resolving masses.
Cicada Slough(Periostracum Cicadae)蝉衣
Effects: Dispersing wind-heat, promoting eruption, improving eyesight, dispelling wind and relieving spasm.
Coix Seed(Semen Coicis)薏苡仁
Effects: Including diuresis, excreting dampness, strengthening spleen, arresting diarrhea, clearing heat and pus.
Chicken’s Gizzard-skin(Endothelium Corneum Digeriae Galli)雞內金
Effects: Relieving food retention, strengthening the stomach and spermatorrhea.
Concha Arcae Usta 瓦楞子
Effects: Resolving phlegm and blood stasis, dissolving and remove hard masses。
Chinese Lobelia Herb ( Herba Lobelia Chinensis ) 半边蓮
Effects: Clearing away heat and detoxicating, relieving diuresis and swelling.
Cow Bezoare ( Calculus Bovis ) 牛黄
Effects : Checking endogenous wind to relieve convulsion, resolving phlegm
To clear orifice and induce resuscitation and clearing away heat and toxins.
Chinese Blistering Beetle Banmao ( Mylabris ) 斑蝥
Effects : Attacking poison, resolving mass or swelling, and removing blood stasis and lumps.
Centipeda Minima 鵝不食草
Effects : Expelling pathogenic wind and dampness and dispersing pathogenic cold, removing nebula, clearing nasal congestion.
Charcoal 京墨炭
Effects : Stop bleeding and promoting subsidence of swelling.
Cogongrass Rhizome ( Rhizome Imperatae ) 白茅根
Effects : Clearing heat from blood to stop bleeding, inducing diuresis and promoting the generation of the body fluid.
Cinnabar ( Cinnabaris ) 朱砂
Effects : Tranquilizing the mind and clearing heat and toxins
Clove ( Flos Caryophylli ) 丁香
Effects : Warming the middle-jiao, lowering the adverse rising, warming
The kidney and supporting Yang.
Climbing Fern Spore ( Spora Lygodii ) 海金沙
Effects : Inducing diuresis to treat stranguria.

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D
Dogwood Fruit(Fructus Corni)山茱萸
Effects: Invigorating the liver and kidney, keeping kidney essence, reducing urination, and checking perspiration and hemorrhage.
Dried Ginger(Rhizoma Zingiberis)干姜
Effects: Warming the middle-jiao, dispersing cold, recuperating depleted Yang to rescue patients from collapse, warming the lung and removing fluid retention.
Dahurian Angelica Root(Radix Angelicae Dahuricae)白芷
Effects: Expelling wind, dispelling exopathogens, clearing passages, relieving pain, removing dampness, arresting leucorrhea, eliminating swelling and draining pus.
Dried Rehmannia Root(Radix Rehmanniae)生地
Effects: Clearing away heat, cooling the blood, nourishing Yin and promoting the production of body fluid.
Dragon’s Bone(Os Draconis Fossilia Fossilia)龙骨
Effects: Sedation and tranquilization, calming the liver and suppressing hyperactivity of liver-yang, restraining spermatorrhea.
Dragon’s Teeth (Dens Draconis ) 龙齿
Effects: Tranquilizing the mind.
Desertliving Cistanche(Herba Cistanchis)肉苁蓉
Effects: Tonifying Yang, supplementing essence, moistening and relaxing bowels.
Dangshen(Radix Codonopsis Pilosulae)党参
Effects: Reinforcing the spleen, tonifying the lung, nourishing blood and promoting the production of the body fluid.
Deglued Antler Powder(Cornu Cervi Degelatinatum)鹿角霜
Effects: The residue from decoction of Antler, weaker in powder for warming and recuperating the kidney-yang, but also has an effect of astringency serving to treat the syndrome of debility of the lower-jiao manifested as spermatorrhes, frequent micturation, metrorrhagia, metrostaxis and leucorrhea. When used externally, it is astringent, can stop bleeding for treatment of traumatic bleeding.
Dipsacus Root(Radix Dipsaci)续断
Effects: Tonifying the liver and kidney, promoting reunion of fractured bones and preventing abortion.
Dried Human Placenta(Placenta Hominis)紫河车
Effects: Strengthening Yang, supplementing vital essence and Qi and nourishing blood.
Dodder Seed(Semen Cuscutae)菟絲子
Effects: Tonifying the kidney, preserving essence, nourishing the liver to improve vision and relieving diarrhes.
Dandelion Herb(Herba Taraxaci)蒲公英
Effects: Clearing away heat, detoxicating, subduing swellings or removing dampness by diuresis for treating stranguria.
Dittany Bark ( Cortex Dictamni Radicis ) 白鮮皮
Effects: Expelling pathogenic wind, clearing away heat and dampness drying, and clearing away toxins.
Donkey-hide Gelation, Ejiao(Colla Corii Asini)阿胶
Effects: Replenishing blood, stopping bleeding, nourishing Yin and moistening the lung.

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E
Eucommia Bark(Cortex Eucommiae)杜仲
Effects: Tonifying the liver and kidney, strengthening skeletal system and preventing abortion.
Earthworm(Lumbricus)地龙
Effects: Clearing away heat to arrest convulsion and relieve asthma and the obstruction in channels.
Eagle wood(Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum)沉香
Effects: Promoting Qi circulation, alleviating pain, lowering adverse flow of Qi, arresting vomiting, helping inspiration and relieving asthma.
Eclipta(Herba Ecliptae)墨旱莲
Effects: Tonifying the liver and kidney, and clearing heat from blood to stop bleeding.
Evodia Fruit(Fructus Evodiae)吴茱萸
Effects: Soothing the liver, keeping the adverse Qi flowing downward, dispersing cold, alleviating pain, supporting Yang and arresting diarrhea.
Eupatorium(Herba Eupatorii)佩兰
Effects: Dispelling dampness, enlivening spleen, relieving exterior syndrome and summer heat.
Ejiao, Donkey-hide Gelation(Colla Corii Asini)阿胶
Effects: Replenishing blood, stopping bleeding, nourishing Yin and moistening the lung.
Ephedra(Herba Ephedrae)麻黄
Effects: Inducing sweating to dispel exopathogens, facilitating the circulation of the lung-qi, to relieve asthma, and inducing diuresis to remove edema.
Epimedium(Herba Epimedii)淫羊藿
Effects: Tonifying the kidney, invigorating Yang, strengthening bones and muscles, dispelling wind and dampness.

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F
Frankincense(Resina olibani)乳香
Effects: Promoting blood circulation and relieving pain, subsiding swelling and promoting tissue regeneration.
Fritillary Bulb(Balbus Fritillariae)贝母
Effects: Resolving phlegm, relieving cough, clearing heat and congestion.
Fresh Ginger(Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens)生姜
Effects: Inducing sweats to dispel exopathogens, warming the middle-jiao to arrest vomiting and warming the lung to relieve cough.
Fleece Flower Root(Radix Polygoni Multiflori)何首乌
Effects: Replenshing the liver and kidney, enriching vital essence and blood, lubricating the bowel and clearing away toxins.
Fragrant Solomon seal Rhizome(Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati)玉竹
Effects: Nourishing Yin to moisten the lung and promoting the generation of the body fluid to quench thirst.
Forsythia Frui1t(Fructus Forsythiae)连翘
Effects: Clearing away heat, detoxicating, subsiding swellings, dissolving lumps and dispelling wind-heat.
Fresh Water Turtle Shell(Carapax Trionycis)鱉甲
Effects: Tonifying Yin, suppressing Yang hyperactivity and resolving mass in the abdomen.
Fleece-Flower Stem ( Caulis Polygoni Multifori ) 首烏藤
Effects: Nourishing the heart to tranquilize the mind, clearing stasis in channel and expelling pathogenic mind.
Forest Frog Oviduct ( Oviductus Ranae ) 哈蟆油
Effects: Tonifying the kidney and replenishing the vital essence, nourishing yin
To moisten the lung.
Field Thistle ( Herba Cephalanoploris ) 小薊
Effects: Clearing heat from blood to stop bleeding and toxins to alleviating swelling.
Flavescent Sophora Root ( Radix Sophorae Flavescentis ) 苦参
Effects: Clearing heat and dampness, destroying intestinal parasites, relieving itching and inducing diuresis.

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G
Ground Beetle(Eupolyphaga Steleophaga)土鳖虫
Effects: Removing blood stasis, and promoting reunion of fractured bones, muscles and ligament.
Ginseng(Radix Ginseng)人参
Effects: Invigorating Qi, treating collapse, reinforcing the spleen, nourishing the lung, promoting the production of the body fluid, quenching thirst, tranquilizing the mind and improving intelligence.
Glabrous Greenbrier Rhizome(Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae)土茯苓
Effects: Clearing away dampness, heat, detoxicating and relaxing joints.
Gastrodia Tuber(Rhizoma Gastrodiabe)天麻
Effects: Calming the liver, checking endogenous wind, clearing obstruction in the channels to expel evil-wind.
Giant Typhonium Tuber(Rhizoma Typhonii)白附子
Effects: Expelling dampness to reduce phlegm, and wind to relieve spasm, detoxicating and resolving mass.
Grassleaved Sweetflag Rhizome(Rhyzoma Acori Graminei)石菖蒲
Effects: Removing phlegm to induce resuscitation, eliminating dampness and regulating function of the stomach.
Gypsum(Gypsum Fibrosum)石膏
Effects: Clearing away heat and fire, relieving restlessness and thirst, promoting the regeneration of the tissue and wound healing.
Gentian Root(Radix Gentianae)龙胆草
Effects: Clearing heat and dampness, and purging fire in the liver and gall bladder.
Galangal Rhizome(Rhizoma Galangae)高良姜
Effects: Warming the middle-jiao and alleviating pain.
Gecko(Gecko)蛤蚧
Effects: Tonifying the kidney, supplementing vital essence, helping inhalation of breath and relieving asthma.
Glossy Privet Fruit(Fructus Ligustri Lucidi)女贞子
Effects: Tonifying Yin, nourishing the kidney and liver and improving vision.
Green Tangerine Peel ( Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae ) 青皮
Effects: Relieving stagnation of Qi, soothing the liver, promoting digestion and resolving food retention.
Giant Knotweed Rhizome ( Rhizome Polygoni Cuspidati ) 虎杖
Effects: Promoting blood circulation by relieving blood stasis, clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, detoxicating, resolving phlegm and relaxing the bowels
Germinated Barley ( Fructus Hordei Germinatus ) 麦芽
Effected : Promoting digestion, inducing appetite, stopping lactation
And relieving flatulence.
Genkwa ( Flos Genkwa ) 芫花
Effects : Removing fluid retention, being parasiticidal and effective for
Skin disease.
Gordon Euryale Seed ( semen Euryales ) 芡实
Effects : Astringing intestine to arrest diarrhea, tonifying the kidney
To preserve kidney essence and curing leukorrhagia.

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H
Hawthorn Fruit(Fructus Crataegi)山楂
Effects: Relieving stagnated food, promoting blood circulation and elimination of blood stasis.
Hemp seed(Fructus Cannabis)火麻仁
Effects: Moistening the bowels to relieve constipation.
Hyacinth Bletilla(Rhizoma Bletillae)白芨
Effects: Stopping bleeding by astringency, relieving swelling and promoting tissue regeneration.
Honeysuckle Flower(Flos Lonicerae)金银花
Effects: Clearing away heat, detoxicating and expelling wind-heat.
Honeysuckle Stem ( Lonicera Japonica Thunb ) 忍冬藤 ( 金銀花藤 )
Effects: Clearing away heat and detoxicating, dispelling wind and removing obstruction in the channels.
Honey ( Mel)蜂蜜
Effects: Strengthening the middle-jiao, relieving spasm, moistening the lung to arrest cough and relaxing the bowel to relieve constipation.
Hippocampus海马
Effects : Reinforcing the kidney-yang, regulation Qi, promoting the blood circulation, softening hard mass and dissipating swelling.
Heterophylly Falsestarwort Root ( Radix Pesudostellariae ) 太子参
Effects : Invigorating Qi, Strengthening the spleen, promoting the production of the body fluid and moistening the lung.
Houttuynia ( Herba Houttuyniae ) 鱼腥草
Effects : Clearing away heat, detoxicating, dissolving boils, draining pus,
Inducing dieresis for trearing stranguria.
Hairy Vein Agrimony ( Herba Agrimoniae ) 仙鶴草
Effects : Stopping bleeding by astringency, clearing toxins and curing dysentery.

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I
Immature Bitter Orange(Fructus Aurantii Immaturus)枳实
Effects: Relieving Qi stagnation, and food retention, resolving phlegm and masses.
Nearly Mature Bitter Orange Fruit(Fructus Aurantii Immaturus)枳壳
Effects: Its effects are the same as those immature bitter orange, but its potency is slow and mild. The herb is good at promoting Qi circulation to alleviate Qi stagnation in the middle jiao, and indicated for Qi stagnation in the liver and stomach, gastro-abdominal distention and fullness.
Indian Dendranthema Flower(Foa Chryanthemi Indici)野菊花
Effects: Clearing away heat and detoxicating.
Isatis Leaf ( Folium Isatidis ) 大青叶
Effects: Clearing away heat, detoxicating, removing blood heat and ecchymoses.
Isatis Root ( Radix Isatidis ) 板藍根
Effects : Clearing away heat, detoxicating, removing heat from blood and
relieving sore throat.

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J
Japanese Sea Tangle(Thallus Laminariae)昆布
Effects: Resolving hard lumps and phlegm, diuretic to subsiding edema.
Jehol Ligustium Rhizome ( Rhizome Ligustici ) 藁本
Effects: Expelling pathogenic cold wind and dampness, relieving pain.
Japanese Thistle ( Herba seu Radix Cirsii Japonici ) 大薊
Effects : Clearing heat from blood to stop bleeding, and toxins to eliminate swelling.
Japanese Beauty-Berry ( Folium Callicarpae Nudiflorae ) 紫珠
Effects : Stopping bleeding by astringency, clearing heat and toxins.

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K
Kansui Root ( Radix Euphorbia Kansui ) 甘遂
Effects : Removing water retention, subduing swelling and masses.
Knoxia Root ( Radix Knoxiae ) 大戟
Effects : Removing water retention, subduing swelling and mass.

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L
Large Leaf Gentian Root ( Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae ) 秦艽
Effects :Eliminating The wind and fever of deficiency type, releasing jaundice.
Leech(Hiruda)水蛭
Effects: Relieving blood stasis.
Lindera Root(Radix Linderae)乌药
Effects: Promoting circulation of Qi, alleviating pain, warming the kidney and dispersing cold.
Lily Bulb(Bulbus Lilii)百合
Effects: Nourishing the lung to arrest cough and clearing away heart-fire to tranquilizing the mind.
Ledebouriella Root(Radix Lede Bouriellae)防风
Effects: Expelling pathogenic wind, dispelling exopathogens, relieving pain and spasm.
Light Wheat(Fructus Tritici)浮小麦
Effects: Replenishing Qi, clearing hectic fever and stopping sweating.
Loranthus Mulberry Mistletoe(Ramulus Loranthis)桑寄生
Effects: Expelling wind-dampness, invigorating the liver and kidney, strengthening the muscles and bones, and nourishing blood to prevent abortion.
Laminaria Sea Tangle(Jaopnica Aresch)海带
Effects: Removing heat-phlegm, resolving hard lumps and diuretic.
Lepidium Seed(Semen Lepidii Stu Descurainiae)葶苈子
Effects: Purging the heat accumulation in the lung to relieve asthma, diuresis and eliminating edema.
Lotus Seed(Semen Nelumbinis)蓮子
Effects: Tonifying the spleen to arrest leukorrhea, benefiting the kidney to astringe essence, and nourishing the heart to tranquilize the mind.
Lotus Seed Embryo ( Semen Nelumbinis embryo ) 蓮子心
Effects: Clearing heat and clearing heart-heat, stopping bleeding by eliminating pathogenic heat from the blood,, tonifying the kidney to arrest seminal emission.
Liquorice(Radix Glycyrrhizae)甘草
Effects: Tonifying the heart and spleen, moistening the lung to arrest cough, purging fire to remove toxins, relieving spasm to alleviate pain and moderating other herbs.
Longan Arit(Arilla Longan)龙眼内
Effects: Tonifying the heart and spleen, nourishing blood and calming the mind.
Liquidamber Taiwaniana Hance 白胶香
Effects : Invigorating circulation of blood, removing pathogenic heat from the blood and detoxicating and relieve pain,
Lophatherum Gracile Brongn 淡竹叶
Effects ; Clearing away heart-fire to tranquilizing the mind, inducing diuresis..
Lucid Ganoderma ( Ganoderma Lucidum ) 灵芝
Effects : Tonifying the lung, liver and kidney, tranquilizing the mind by nourishing the heart, strengthening the spleen and stomach to improve digestion.
Lysimachia ( Herba Lysimachiae ) 金錢草
Effects : Inducing diuresis to treat stranguria, urinary calculus and jaundice.

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M
Manchurian Aristolochia Stem(Cautis Arislotochiae Manshuriensis)木通
Effects: Inducing diuresis, treating stranguria, removing fire from the heart and clearing breast channels.
Morinda Root(Radix Morindae Officinatis)巴戟天
Effects: Tonifying the kidney, invigorating Yang, strengthening muscles and bones, dispelling wind and eliminating dampness.
Mirabilite(Natrii Sulphas)芒硝
Effects: Purging heat, loosening the bowels, softening hard masses and moistening, clearing away heat and eliminating edema.
Magnolia Flower(Flos Magnolinae)辛夷花
Effects: Dispersing wind-cold and clearing nasal passage.
Moutan Peony Bark(Cortex Moutan Radicis)牡丹皮
Effects: Removing heat from the blood, promoting blood circulation and relieving blood stasis.
Myrrb(Myrrha)没药
Effects: Promoting blood circulation to relieve pain, subduing swelling and promoting tissue regeneration.
Magnolia Bark(Cortex Magnoliae)厚朴
Effects: Eliminating dampness, resolving fullness, promoting Qi circulation, relieving food stagnancy, clearing away phlegm and relieving asthma.
Medicated Leaven(Massa Fermentata Medicinalis)神曲
Effects: Relieving stagnated food, promoting blood circulation and eliminating blood stasis.
Motherwort(Henba Leonuri)益母草
Effects: Promoting blood circulation to regulate menstrustion, subsiding edema by inducing diuresis.
Mulberry Bark(Cortex Mori Radicis)桑白皮
Effects: Purging lung-heat to relieve asthma, diuresis to eliminate edema.
Mulberry Twig ( Folium Mori ) 桑枝
Effects: Expelling wind-dampness, tonifying the bone, inducing dieresis.
Magenetite(Magnetitum)磁石
Effects: Suppressing the sthenic Yang, tranquilizing the mind, improving inspiration by invigorating kidney-energy and relieving dyspnea, improving visual, auditory and vestibular function.
Macrostem Onion(Bulbus Allii Macrostemi)薤白
Effects: Activating Yang, dispersing lump, promoting Qi circulation and removing stagnancy.
Musk ( Moschus ) 麝香
Effects: Resuscitating and restoring consciousness, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, relieving pain and swelling.
Mux-Vomica Seed, Prepared ( Semen Strychni ) 马錢子 ( 制 )
Effects : Counteracting toxic substances, and clearing channels to relieve pain.
Morning Glory Seed ( Semen Pharbitidis ) 牽牛子
Effects : Removing water retention, subduing swelling and mass, and being
Parasiticidal.
Mantic Egg-Case ( Ootheca Mantides ) 桑螵蛸
Effects : Tonifying the kidney, supplementing Yang, preserving essence and alleviating polyuria.

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N
Notopterygium root(Rhizoma Seu Radix Notopterygii)羌活
Effects: Inducing disphoresis, dispersing cold, expelling wind, removing dampness and relieving pain.
Nearly Mature Bitter Orange Fruit(Fructus Aurantii Immaturus)枳壳
Effects: Its effects are the same as those immature bitter orange, but its potency is slow and mild. The herb is good at promoting Qi circulation to alleviate Qi stagnation in the middle jiao, and indicated for Qi stagnation in the liver and stomach, gastro-abdominal distention and fullness.
Nutgrass Flatsedge Rhizome(Rhizoma Cyperi)香附
Effects: Soothing the liver, promoting circulation of Qi, regulating menstruation and alleviating pain.
Notoginseng ( Radix Notoginseng ) 三七
Effects ; Resolving blood stasis, stopping bleeding, promoting blood circulation and alleviating pain.
Nutmeg ( Semen Myristicae ) 肉豆蔻
Effects : Astringing intestines to arrest diarrhea; warming the middle-jiao to promote circulation of Qi.
Natural Indigo ( Indigo Naturalis ) 青黛
Effects : Clearing away heat, detoxicating, removing blood heat, and
Ecchymoses, purging liver-fire and arresting convulsion.

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O
Oyster Shell(Concha Ostrea)牡蛎
Effects: Suppressing the sthenic Yang and tranquilizing, astringing, softening and dissolving hard masses.
Ophiopogon Root(Radix Ophiopogonis)麦门冬
Effects: Nourishing Yin, moistening the lung, tonifying the stomach, promoting the production of the body fluid, dispelling heat from the heart and relieving vexation.
Oriental Water Plantain Rhizome(Rhizoma Alismatis)泽泻
Effects: Inducing diuresis, excreting dampness, eliminatory heat and fire.
Oriental Wormwood(Herba Artemisiae Capillaris)茵阵蒿
Effects: Eliminating damp-heat, normalizing functions of gall bladder and curing jaundice.

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P
Plantain Seed(Semen Plantaginis)车前子
Effects: Inducing diuresis, treating stranguria, clearing heat from the liver for improving vision, removing heat from the lung to clear phlegm.
Pinellia Tuber(Rhizome Pinelliae)半夏
Effects: Clearing dampness to reduce phlegm, lowering the adverse Qi to stop vomiting.
Pricklyash Peel(Pericarpium Zanthoxyli)花椒
Effects: Warming the middle-jiao, alleviating pain and expelling round-worm.
Psoralea Fruit(Fructus Psoraleae)补骨脂 ( 破故紙 )
Effects: Tonifying the kidney, strengthening Yang, warming the spleen and arresting diarrhea, helping inspiration of air and relieving asthma.
Prepared Aconite Root(Radix Aconiti Praeparata)附子
Effects: Supplementing fire and Yang, dispersing cold, alleviating pain, and recuperating depleted Yang to rescue patients from collapse.
Pubescent Angelica Root(Radix Angelicae Pubescentis)独活
Effects: Expelling pathogenic wind, dampness, cold and relieving pain.
Polygala Root(Radix Polygalae)柏子仁
Effects: Tranquilizing the mind, enhancing intelligence and dissolving phlegm to open the orifice.
Pearl Shell(Concha Margariti Usta)珍珠母
Effects: Calming the liver-yang and checking exuberance of Yang, clearing liver heat, improving vision, relieving palpitation and tranquilizing.
Peach Kernel(Semen Persicae)桃仁
Effects: Promoting blood circulation by relieving blood stasis, lubricating the bowels to relieve constipation.
Platycodon Root(Radix Platycodi)桔梗
Effects: Promoting the dispersing function of the lung and relieving. Clearing heat and toxins, subdue carbuncle and promote pus discharge.
Prunella Spike(Spika Prunellae)夏枯草
Effects: Clearing up liver-heat, purging fire, subduing swellings and resolving hard lumps.
Phellodendron Bark(Cortex Phellodendri)黄柏
Effects: Clearing heat, dampness and fire and detoxicating.
Pilose Antler(Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum)鹿茸
Effects: Reinforcing kidney-yang, supplementing essence and blood and strengthening muscles and bones.
Pueraria Root(Radix Puerariae)葛根
Effects: Dispelling exopathogens, clearing heat, lifting Yang, promoting eruption, generating the body fluid and quenching thirst.
Prepared Rehmannia Root(Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata)熟地
Effects: Replenishing blood and tonifying Yin.
Peppermint(Herba Menthae)薄荷
Effects: Dispersing wind-heat, easing sore throat, promoting eruption, soothing the liver and alleviating mental depressing.
Poria(Poria)茯苓
Effects: Inducing diuresis, excreting dampness, invigorating the spleen and tranquilizing
Poris with hostwood ( Poris Cum Ligno Hospite ) 茯神
Effects: Relieving mendal distress, tranquilizing the mind and diuresis to excreting dampness.
Perilla Fruit(Fructus Perillae)苏子
Effects: Sending down rebellious Qi, clearing phlegm, relieving cough and asthma, relaxing the bowel to relieve constipation.
Pleione Rhizome ( Rhizome Pleionis ) 山慈菇
Effects: Clearing heat and removing toxins, resolving phlegm and hard lump congestion.
Pangolin Scales ( squama Manitis ) 穿山甲
Effects: Clearing away obstruction in the channels by promoting blood circulation, stimulating milk secretion, subduing swelling and promoting the drainage of pus.
Peucedanum Root ( Radix Peucedani ) 前胡
Effects: Sending down abnormally ascending Qi to resolve phlegm, expelling wind heat.
Palmleaf Raspberry Fruit (Fructus Rubi ) 覆盆子
Effects: Reinforcing the kidney-yang, tonifying the vital essence and blood and alleviating polyuria.
Picorrhiza Kurrooa Royle ex Bea. 胡黄蓮
Effects ; Clearing away dampness and heat, bringing down heat of Yin-deficiency ( heat come from bone ), treating infantile malnutrition with fever.
Pulsatilla Root ( Radix Pulsatillae ) 白頭翁
Effects ; Clearing away heat, detoxicating, removing heat from blood and treating dysentery.
Patrinia (Herba Patriniae ) 敗醬草
Effects: Clearing away heat, detoxicating, resolving boils, draining pus,
Promoting blood circulation and resolving blood stasis.
Portulaca ( Herba Portulaceae ) 馬齒莧
Effects : Clearing away heat, detoxicating, removing heat from blood and Curing dysentery.
Pyrrosia Leaf ( Foolium Pyrrosiae ) 石韦
Effects ; Inducing diuresis to treat stranguria, removing heat from the lung to
dissolve phlegm, and eliminating heat from blood to stop bleeding.

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Q
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R
Rhubarb(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei)大黄
Effects: Purging heat, loosening the bowels, removing heat from the blood, clearing toxins, promoting blood circulation to relieve blood stasis.
Red Salge Root(Radix salviae Miltiorrhizae)丹参
Effects: Promoting blood circulation and relieving blood stasis, clearing heat from the blood and resolving swelling, tranquilizing the mind.
Red Ochre(Orhra Haematitum)代赭石
Effects: Calming the liver and suppressing hyperactivity of the liver-yang, checking and descending the upward rebellious Qi, removing heat from the blood and stopping bleeding.
Radish Seed(Semen Rephani)菜菔子
Effects: Removing food retention, relieving distention, lowering the adverse flow of Qi and resolving phlegm.
Rhinoceros Horn(Cornu rhinocerotis)犀角
Effects: Clearing heat to cool the blood, detoxicating and arresting convulsion.
Red Peony Root(Radix Paeoniae Rubra)赤芍
Effects: Removing pathogenic fire from the blood. Dissipating blood stasis and relieving pain.
Realgar ( Realgar ) 雄黄
Effects: Attacking poisons and killing parasites.
Round Cardamon Seed ( Semen Amomi Cardamomi ) 白豆蔻
Effects: Dispelling dampness, promoting Qi circulation, normalizing the functions of spleen and stomach and arresting vomiting.
Rubia Root ( Radix Rubiae ) 茜草
Effects ; Removeing heat from blood to stop bleeding, promoting blood circulation and eliminating blood stasis.
Ramie Root ( Radix Bochmeriae Ramie ) 苧麻根
Effects ; Clearing heat from blood to stop bleeding, clearing heat to prevent
Miscarriage, and toxic substances to treat boils.
Red Halloysite ( Galla Chinensis ) 赤石脂
Effects : Astringing intestine to arrest diarrhea, stopping bleeding and
Promoting tissue regeneration and wound healing.

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S
Shell of Areca nut(Peel of areca)大腹皮
Effects: Promoting circulation of Qi, alleviating congestion and inducing diuresis to eliminate edema.
Schisandra Fruit (Fructus Schisandrae) 五味子
Effects: Astringing the lung to arrest cough, preserving the kidney essence astringing the bowels, benefiting Qi, promoting production of the body fluid, stopping sweating and relieving mental stress.
Scrophularia Root(Radix Scrophulariae)玄参
Effects: Clearing away heat to cool the blood, detoxicating, dissolving lumps, nourishing Yin and purging the fire.
Stemona Root(Radix Stemonae)百部
Effects: Moistening the lung and relieving cough, killing worms and insects, including louse.
Straight Ladybell Root(Radix Adenophorae Strictae)沙参
Effects: Nourishing Yin to clear heat from the lung, and tonifying the stomach to promote the production of the body fluid.
Schizonepeta(Herba Schizonepetae)细辛
Effects: Inducing sweats, dispelling exopathogens, dispersing pathogenic wind and arresting bleeding.
Sargassum Seaweed(Sargassum)海藻
Effects: Removing heat-phlegm, resolving hard lumps, and diuretic.
Scutellaria Root(Radix Scutellariae)黄芩
Effects: Clearing heat and fire, eliminating dampness, detoxicating, stopping bleeding and preventing miscarriage.
Siberian Solomonseal Rhizome(Rhizoma Polygonati)黄精
Effects: Nourishing Yin, moistening the lung, tonifying the spleen and invigorating Qi.
Sandalwood(Lignum Santali Albi)檀香
Effects: Promoting Qi and middle-jiao, get rid of the cold and relieving pain.
Safflower(Flos Carthami)红花
Effects: Promoting blood circulation and relieving blood stasis, regulating menstruation and relieving pain.
Scorpion(Scorpio)全蝎
Effects: Checking endogenous wind to relieve convulsion, clearing obstruction in the channels to relieve pain and clearing away toxins and resolving masses.
Sichuan Chinaberry(Fructus Meliae Toosendan)川栋子
Effects: Soothing the liver, promoting Qi circulation, purging fire, alleviating pain and expelling worms.
Schizonepeta(Herba Schizonepetae)荆芥
Effects: Inducing sweats, dispelling exopathogens, dispersing pathogenic wind and arresting bleed.
Spreading Hedyotis Herb ( Herba Hedyotis Diffusae ) 白花蛇舌草
Effects: Clearing away heat and detoxicating, promoting blood circulation and diuresis.
Stringy Stonecrop Herb ( Herba Sedi Sarmentosi ) 垂盆草
Effects; Clearing away heat and dampness.
Simpleleaf Shrub Chastetree Fruit ( fructus Viticis ) 蔓荊子
Effects; Dispelling wind-heat, clearing away the wind at head and improving eyesight.
Sulphur ( sulphur ) 硫黄
Effects: Strengthening Yang and relaxing the bowels when taken orally; dystroying parasites and relieving itching when used externally.
Sichuan Aconite Root 川烏
Effects : Expelling wind and remove dampness, dispersing cold and alleviating pain. Effect is strong than prepared Aconite Root.
Solanum Nigrum Linn龙葵
Effects : Clearing away heat and detoxicating, promoting blood circulating, relieving diuresis and swelling.
Sweet Wormwood ( Herba Artemisiae ) 青蒿
Effects : Clearing away heat of deficiency type, relieving summer heat and preventing arrack of malaria.
Swallowwort Root ( Radix Cynanchi Atrati ) 白薇
Effects : Clearing away heat, cooling blood, detoxicating, treat stranguria.
Stellaria Root ( Radix Stellariae ) 银柴胡
Effects : Bringing down heat of deficiency type, treating infantile malnutrition with fever.
Sargentgloryvine ( Caulis Sargentodoxae ) 紅藤
Effects : Clearing away heat and detoxicating, promoting blood circulating,
And resolving blood stasis.
Subprostrate Sophora Root ( Radix Sophorae Subprostratae ) 山豆根
Effects: Clearing away heat, detoxicating, relieving sore throat.
Sweet Wormwood ( Herba Artemisiae ) 穿心蓮
Effects : Clearing away heat, detoxicating, removing by diuresis for treating stranguria.
Sophora Flower ( Flos Sophorae ) 槐花
Effects : Clearing heat from blood to stop bleeding, and from the liver to improve eyesight.
Sophora fruit 槐角
Effects : Similar effects as Sophora Flower but weaker in stopping bleeding and stronger in clearing heat and fire from liver.
Sanguisorba Root ( Radix Sanguisorbae ) 地榆
Effects : Clearing heat from blood to stop bleeding, poison antidotal and astringing for skin sore.
Senna Leaf ( Folium Cassiae )番瀉叶
Effects : purging heat and removing stagnation.

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T
Trogopterus Dung(Faeces Trogopterorum)五灵脂
Effects: Promoting blood circulation to relieve pain, stopping bleeding by removing the blood stasis.
Trichosanthes Root(Radix Trichosanthis)天花粉
Effects: Clearing away heat, promoting the production of body fluid, subduing swellings and draining pus.
Trichosanthes Fruit(Fructus Trichosanthis)瓜萎
Effects: Clearing away heat, resolving phlegm, soothing the chest oppression to promote Qi circulation, moistening and relaxing the bowels.
Tortoise Plastron(Plastrum Testudinis)龟板
Effects: Tonifying Yin, suppressing Yang hyperactivity, nourishing the kidney, strengthening bones, arresting bleeding and normalizing menstruation.
Tortoise Plastron Glue(Plastrum Testudinis)龟板胶
Effects: Tonifying Yin, suppressing Yang hyperactivity, nourishing the kidney, strengthening bones, arresting bleeding and normalizing menstruation, but more density than Tortoise Plastron..
Turmeric(Rhizoma Curcumae Longae)姜黄
Effects: Expelling pathogenic wind, dampness, cold and regulating menstruation and relieving pain.
Tangerine peel(Pericarpium Citric Reticulatae)橘皮
Effects: Promoting circulation of Qi, strengthening the spleen, eliminating dampness and relieving phlegm.
Ternate buttercup Root ( Radix Ranunculi Ternate ) 猫爪草
Effects: Resolving swelling and hard lump congestion.
Tubeimu Tube ( Rhizome Bolbostemmae ) 浙貝母
Effects: Clearing heat and resolving heat phlegm, relieving depression and hard lump congestion.
Tribulus Fruit ( Fructus Tribuli ) 白蒺藜( 刺蒺藜)
Effects: Expelling pathogenic wind, improving acuity of vision, lowering the adverse flow of Qi, promoting blood circulation.
Tetrandra Root ( Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae ) 防己
Effects : Expelling wind-dampness, inducing dieresis to alleviate edema.
Tsaoko ( Cardamon ) ( Frutus Tsaoko ) 草果
Effects ; Dispelling dampness and cold, clearing phlegm and preventing attack of malaria.
Tabasheer ( Concretio Silicea Bambusar ) 天竺黄
Effects : Removing heat, phlegm, and liver-heat and arresting convulsion.
Toad Venom ( Lenenum Bufonis ) 蟾酥
Effects : Removing toxic substances and promoting subsidence of swelling,
Alleviating pains and inducing resuscitation.

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U
Uncaria Stem With Hooks(Ramulus Uncariat Cum Uncis)钩藤
Effects: Clearing away heat and calming the liver, checking endogenous wind and relieving spasm.
Umbellate Pore-Fungus ( Polyporus Umbellatus ) 猪苓
Effects: Inducing dieresis and excreting dampness.

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V
Viola Herb(Herba Violae)紫花地丁
Effects: Clearing away heat, detoxicating, treating boils and dissolving lumps.

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W
White Atractylodes(Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae)白术
Effects: Invigorating Qi, consolidating superficies, removing dampness, inducing diuresis and preventing miscarriage.
White Peony Root(Radix Paeoniae Alba)白芍
Effects: Replenishing blood, regulating menstruation, suppressing hyperactivity of liver-yang and astringing Yin to arrest sweating.
White Mustard Seed(Semen Sinapis Albae)白芥子
Effects: Resolving phlegm and promoting the circulation of Qi, subsiding swelling and congestion.
Wolfberry Fruit(Fructus Lycii)枸杞子
Effects: Reinforcing the kidney to benefit essence, tonifying the liver to improve vision.
Wild or Sping Jujube Seed(Semen Ziziphi Spinosae)酸枣仁
Effects: Nourishing the heart to tranquilize the mind, promoting generation of body fluid and arresting sweating.
Wild Aconite Root 草烏
Effects : Expelling wind and remove dampness, dispersing cold and alleviating pain. Effect is strong than Sichuan Aconite Root and Prepared Aconite Root.
Walnut Kernel ( Semen Juglandis ) 胡桃仁
Effects : Tonifying the kidney and nourishing the lung, helping inspiration to relieve asthma, moistening the intestine and relaxing bowels.
Wolf berry Bark ( Cortex Lycii Radicis ) 地骨皮
Effects ; Bringing down heat of Yin-deficiency, removing lung-fire.

X
Xanthium(Fructus Xanthii)苍耳子
Effects: Dispersing wind-cold, clearing nasal congestion and removing wind-dampness.

Y
Yam Rhizome ( Rhizome dioscoreae ) 萆薢
Effects: Removing furbid dampness and expelling wind-dampness.

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Z
Zedoary(Rhizoma Zedoariae)莪木
Effects; Relieving blood and Qi stasis, promoting digestion and relieving pain.
Zanthoxylun Nitidum入地金牛
Effects; Expelling pathogenic wind, clearing away obstruction in the channels, subduing swelling and relieve pain.

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